COLLOIDAL-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF ORGANIC FERTILIZER DERIVED FROM BIOLOGICALLY PROCESSED POULTRY WASTE IN THE WATER–SOIL SYSTEM
Keywords:
organic fertilizer, poultry waste, water–soil system, colloidal-chemical properties, humus colloids, zeta potential (ζ-potential), aggregative stability, soil aggregates, cation exchange capacity.Abstract
This thesis examines the colloidal-chemical properties of organic fertilizer derived from biologically processed poultry waste (composting and biohumus production stages) in the water–soil system. The particle size, zeta potential (ζ-potential), aggregative and sedimentation stability of the suspension, and critical coagulation concentration were investigated. The interactions between humus colloids and soil particles, as well as their effects on water-stable soil aggregates, maximum hygroscopic moisture content, and cation exchange capacity, were evaluated.
The organic fertilizer was found to behave as a negatively charged, polydisperse colloidal system, whose stability depends on water pH, ionic strength, and the concentrations of divalent cations such as Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺. The application of the fertilizer to soil was shown to promote the binding of soil particles by humus colloids, thereby improving soil aggregate structure and increasing its capacity to retain moisture and nutrients.
The findings provide a scientific basis for evaluating fertilizer quality using colloidal parameters and improving technologies for its application in combination with irrigation water.
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