DISTINCTIVE FEATURES OF IRAN’S FOREIGN POLICY AND THE SYRIAN FACTOR

Abstract

This article analyzes the main distinctive features of the foreign policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran, with particular emphasis on the role of the Syrian factor. The study explores the ideological foundations of Iran’s foreign policy, including the ideas of the Islamic Revolution, principles of realpolitik, and the concept of the “Axis of Resistance.” It also examines Iran’s political and military influence in countries such as Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, and Yemen. The article discusses issues related to Iran’s nuclear program, the processes within the framework of the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), and tensions in relations with the United States and Israel. It further highlights that Iran’s security policy is based on a combination of diplomatic, military, and hybrid tools. In addition, the study addresses Iran’s internal social challenges and their impact on foreign policy, as well as the country’s role in maintaining the regional balance of power. The article contributes to a better understanding of Iran’s role in regional geopolitical processes.