AMUDARYO HAVZASIDA IJTIMOIY TARIX VA EKOLOGIK O‘ZGARISHLARNING O‘ZARO TA’SIRI: EFTALIYLAR DAVRI ANTROPOGEN LANDSHAFTLARI VA SOTSIO-EKOLOGIK MOSLASHUV (V–VI ASRLAR)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47390/ydif-y2026v2i10/n08Kalit so‘zlar:
Amudaryo havzasi, sotsio-ekologik moslashuv, Eftaliylar, LALIA (iqlim inqirozi), antropogen landshaft, markazsizlashuv, qasr-ko‘shklar, arxeologik stratigrafiya.Annotasiya
Ushbu maqolada Amudaryo havzasida so‘nggi antik va ilk o‘rta asrlar (V–VI asrlar) oralig‘ida yuz bergan sotsio-ekologik transformatsiyalar Eftaliylar davlati misolida tahlil qilingan. Mintaqada Eftaliylar hukmronligining o‘rnatilishi va shaharsozlikdagi qasr-ko‘shklar (ruralizatsiya) fenomenining vujudga kelishi an’anaviy tarixshunoslikda ta’kidlanganidek “varvarlar istilosi” yoki “feodalizmga o‘tish” bilan emas, balki “So‘nggi Antik davr Kichik muzligi” (LALIA, 536–660 yillar) keltirib chiqargan paleoiqlim inqirozi va Amudaryo gidrologik rejimining keskin o‘zgarishi bilan izohlanadi. B. Andrianov, E. Rtveladze, B. Litvinskiy va U. Büntgen kabi yirik olimlarning arxeologik, numizmatik va iqlimiy ma’lumotlari asosida Eftaliylar qurg‘oqchilik sharoitida vayronkor emas, balki vohalardagi o‘troq dehqonchilik tizimi bilan iqtisodiy simbiozga asoslangan moslashuvchan boshqaruv modelini yaratgan.
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